/* ===========================================================================
 * Freetype GL - A C OpenGL Freetype engine
 * Platform:    Any
 * WWW:         http://code.google.com/p/freetype-gl/
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Copyright 2011,2012 Nicolas P. Rougier. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *  1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *     this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *  2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NICOLAS P. ROUGIER ''AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO
 * EVENT SHALL NICOLAS P. ROUGIER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
 * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
 * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
 * ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * The views and conclusions contained in the software and documentation are
 * those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing official
 * policies, either expressed or implied, of Nicolas P. Rougier.
 * ============================================================================
 */
#include <ft2build.h>
#include FT_FREETYPE_H
#include FT_STROKER_H
// #include FT_ADVANCES_H
#include FT_LCD_FILTER_H
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include "texture-font.h"
#include "platform.h"

#define HRES  64
#define HRESf 64.f
#define DPI   72

#undef __FTERRORS_H__
#define FT_ERRORDEF( e, v, s )  { e, s },
#define FT_ERROR_START_LIST     {
#define FT_ERROR_END_LIST       { 0, 0 } };
const struct {
    int          code;
    const char*  message;
} FT_Errors[] =
#include FT_ERRORS_H

// ------------------------------------------------- texture_font_load_face ---
static int
texture_font_load_face(texture_font_t *self, float size,
        FT_Library *library, FT_Face *face)
{
    FT_Error error;
    FT_Matrix matrix = {
        (int)((1.0/HRES) * 0x10000L),
        (int)((0.0)      * 0x10000L),
        (int)((0.0)      * 0x10000L),
        (int)((1.0)      * 0x10000L)};

    assert(library);
    assert(size);

    /* Initialize library */
    error = FT_Init_FreeType(library);
    if(error) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FT_Error (0x%02x) : %s\n",
                FT_Errors[error].code, FT_Errors[error].message);
        return 0;
    }

    /* Load face */
    switch (self->location) {
    case TEXTURE_FONT_FILE:
        error = FT_New_Face(*library, self->filename, 0, face);
        break;

    case TEXTURE_FONT_MEMORY:
        error = FT_New_Memory_Face(*library,
            self->memory.base, self->memory.size, 0, face);
        break;
    }

    if(error) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FT_Error (line %d, code 0x%02x) : %s\n",
                __LINE__, FT_Errors[error].code, FT_Errors[error].message);
        FT_Done_FreeType(*library);
        return 0;
    }

    /* Select charmap */
    error = FT_Select_Charmap(*face, FT_ENCODING_UNICODE);
    if(error) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FT_Error (line %d, code 0x%02x) : %s\n",
                __LINE__, FT_Errors[error].code, FT_Errors[error].message);
        FT_Done_Face(*face);
        FT_Done_FreeType(*library);
        return 0;
    }

    /* Set char size */
    error = FT_Set_Char_Size(*face, (int)(size * HRES), 0, DPI * HRES, DPI);

    if(error) {
        fprintf(stderr, "FT_Error (line %d, code 0x%02x) : %s\n",
                __LINE__, FT_Errors[error].code, FT_Errors[error].message);
        FT_Done_Face(*face);
        FT_Done_FreeType(*library);
        return 0;
    }

    /* Set transform matrix */
    FT_Set_Transform(*face, &matrix, NULL);

    return 1;
}

static int
texture_font_get_face_with_size(texture_font_t *self, float size,
        FT_Library *library, FT_Face *face)
{
    return texture_font_load_face(self, size, library, face);
}

static int
texture_font_get_face(texture_font_t *self,
        FT_Library *library, FT_Face *face)
{
    return texture_font_get_face_with_size(self, self->size, library, face);
}

static int
texture_font_get_hires_face(texture_font_t *self,
        FT_Library *library, FT_Face *face)
{
    return texture_font_get_face_with_size(self,
            self->size * 100.f, library, face);
}

// ------------------------------------------------------ texture_glyph_new ---
texture_glyph_t *
texture_glyph_new(void)
{
    texture_glyph_t *self = (texture_glyph_t *) malloc( sizeof(texture_glyph_t) );
    if(self == NULL) {
        fprintf( stderr,
                "line %d: No more memory for allocating data\n", __LINE__);
        return NULL;
    }

    self->id        = 0;
    self->width     = 0;
    self->height    = 0;
    self->outline_type = 0;
    self->outline_thickness = 0.0;
    self->offset_x  = 0;
    self->offset_y  = 0;
    self->advance_x = 0.0;
    self->advance_y = 0.0;
    self->s0        = 0.0;
    self->t0        = 0.0;
    self->s1        = 0.0;
    self->t1        = 0.0;
    self->kerning   = vector_new( sizeof(kerning_t) );
    return self;
}


// --------------------------------------------------- texture_glyph_delete ---
void
texture_glyph_delete( texture_glyph_t *self )
{
    assert( self );
    vector_delete( self->kerning );
    free( self );
}

// ---------------------------------------------- texture_glyph_get_kerning ---
float
texture_glyph_get_kerning( const texture_glyph_t * self,
                           const wchar_t charcode )
{
    size_t i;

    assert( self );
    for( i=0; i<vector_size(self->kerning); ++i )
    {
        kerning_t * kerning = (kerning_t *) vector_get( self->kerning, i );
        if( kerning->charcode == charcode )
        {
            return kerning->kerning;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}


// ------------------------------------------ texture_font_generate_kerning ---
void
texture_font_generate_kerning( texture_font_t *self )
{
    size_t i, j;
    FT_Library library;
    FT_Face face;
    FT_UInt glyph_index, prev_index;
    texture_glyph_t *glyph, *prev_glyph;
    FT_Vector kerning;

    assert( self );

    /* Load font */
    if(!texture_font_get_face(self, &library, &face))
        return;

    /* For each glyph couple combination, check if kerning is necessary */
    /* Starts at index 1 since 0 is for the special backgroudn glyph */
    for( i=1; i<self->glyphs->size; ++i )
    {
        glyph = *(texture_glyph_t **) vector_get( self->glyphs, i );
        glyph_index = FT_Get_Char_Index( face, glyph->charcode );
        vector_clear( glyph->kerning );

        for( j=1; j<self->glyphs->size; ++j )
        {
            prev_glyph = *(texture_glyph_t **) vector_get( self->glyphs, j );
            prev_index = FT_Get_Char_Index( face, prev_glyph->charcode );
            FT_Get_Kerning( face, prev_index, glyph_index, FT_KERNING_UNFITTED, &kerning );
            // printf("%c(%d)-%c(%d): %ld\n",
            //       prev_glyph->charcode, prev_glyph->charcode,
            //       glyph_index, glyph_index, kerning.x);
            if( kerning.x )
            {
                kerning_t k = {prev_glyph->charcode, kerning.x / (float)(HRESf*HRESf)};
                vector_push_back( glyph->kerning, &k );
            }
        }
    }

    FT_Done_Face( face );
    FT_Done_FreeType( library );
}

// ------------------------------------------------------ texture_font_init ---
static int
texture_font_init(texture_font_t *self)
{
    FT_Library library;
    FT_Face face;
    FT_Size_Metrics metrics;

    assert(self->atlas);
    assert(self->size > 0);
    assert((self->location == TEXTURE_FONT_FILE && self->filename)
        || (self->location == TEXTURE_FONT_MEMORY
            && self->memory.base && self->memory.size));

    self->glyphs = vector_new(sizeof(texture_glyph_t *));
    self->height = 0;
    self->ascender = 0;
    self->descender = 0;
    self->outline_type = 0;
    self->outline_thickness = 0.0;
    self->hinting = 1;
    self->kerning = 1;
    self->filtering = 1;

    // FT_LCD_FILTER_LIGHT   is (0x00, 0x55, 0x56, 0x55, 0x00)
    // FT_LCD_FILTER_DEFAULT is (0x10, 0x40, 0x70, 0x40, 0x10)
    self->lcd_weights[0] = 0x10;
    self->lcd_weights[1] = 0x40;
    self->lcd_weights[2] = 0x70;
    self->lcd_weights[3] = 0x40;
    self->lcd_weights[4] = 0x10;

    /* Get font metrics at high resolution */
    if (!texture_font_get_hires_face(self, &library, &face))
        return -1;

    self->underline_position = face->underline_position / (float)(HRESf*HRESf) * self->size;
    self->underline_position = round( self->underline_position );
    if( self->underline_position > -2 )
    {
        self->underline_position = -2.0;
    }

    self->underline_thickness = face->underline_thickness / (float)(HRESf*HRESf) * self->size;
    self->underline_thickness = round( self->underline_thickness );
    if( self->underline_thickness < 1 )
    {
        self->underline_thickness = 1.0;
    }

    metrics = face->size->metrics;
    self->ascender = (metrics.ascender >> 6) / 100.0;
    self->descender = (metrics.descender >> 6) / 100.0;
    self->height = (metrics.height >> 6) / 100.0;
    self->linegap = self->height - self->ascender + self->descender;
    FT_Done_Face( face );
    FT_Done_FreeType( library );

    /* -1 is a special glyph */
    texture_font_get_glyph( self, -1 );

    return 0;
}

// --------------------------------------------- texture_font_new_from_file ---
texture_font_t *
texture_font_new_from_file(texture_atlas_t *atlas, const float pt_size,
        const char *filename)
{
    texture_font_t *self;

    assert(filename);

    self = calloc(1, sizeof(*self));
    if (!self) {
        fprintf(stderr,
                "line %d: No more memory for allocating data\n", __LINE__);
        return NULL;
    }

    self->atlas = atlas;
    self->size  = pt_size;

    self->location = TEXTURE_FONT_FILE;
    self->filename = strdup(filename);

    if (texture_font_init(self)) {
        texture_font_delete(self);
        return NULL;
    }

    return self;
}

// ------------------------------------------- texture_font_new_from_memory ---
texture_font_t *
texture_font_new_from_memory(texture_atlas_t *atlas, float pt_size,
        const void *memory_base, size_t memory_size)
{
    texture_font_t *self;

    assert(memory_base);
    assert(memory_size);

    self = calloc(1, sizeof(*self));
    if (!self) {
        fprintf(stderr,
                "line %d: No more memory for allocating data\n", __LINE__);
        return NULL;
    }

    self->atlas = atlas;
    self->size  = pt_size;

    self->location = TEXTURE_FONT_MEMORY;
    self->memory.base = memory_base;
    self->memory.size = memory_size;

    if (texture_font_init(self)) {
        texture_font_delete(self);
        return NULL;
    }

    return self;
}

// ---------------------------------------------------- texture_font_delete ---
void
texture_font_delete( texture_font_t *self )
{
    size_t i;
    texture_glyph_t *glyph;

    assert( self );

    if(self->location == TEXTURE_FONT_FILE && self->filename)
        free( self->filename );

    for( i=0; i<vector_size( self->glyphs ); ++i)
    {
        glyph = *(texture_glyph_t **) vector_get( self->glyphs, i );
        texture_glyph_delete( glyph);
    }

    vector_delete( self->glyphs );
    free( self );
}


// ----------------------------------------------- texture_font_load_glyphs ---
size_t
texture_font_load_glyphs( texture_font_t * self,
                          const wchar_t * charcodes )
{
    size_t i, j, x, y, width, height, depth, w, h;
    FT_Library library;
    FT_Error error;
    FT_Face face;
    FT_Glyph ft_glyph;
    FT_GlyphSlot slot;
    FT_Bitmap ft_bitmap;

    FT_UInt glyph_index;
    texture_glyph_t *glyph;
    FT_Int32 flags = 0;
    int ft_glyph_top = 0;
    int ft_glyph_left = 0;

    ivec4 region;
    size_t missed = 0;
    char pass;

    assert( self );
    assert( charcodes );


    width  = self->atlas->width;
    height = self->atlas->height;
    depth  = self->atlas->depth;

    if (!texture_font_get_face(self, &library, &face))
        return wcslen(charcodes);

    /* Load each glyph */
    for( i=0; i<wcslen(charcodes); ++i ) {
        pass = 0;
        /* Check if charcode has been already loaded */
        for(j = 0; j < self->glyphs->size; ++j ) {
            glyph = *(texture_glyph_t **) vector_get( self->glyphs, j );
            // If charcode is -1, we don't care about outline type or thickness
            // if( (glyph->charcode == charcodes[i])) {
            if( (glyph->charcode == charcodes[i]) &&
                ((charcodes[i] == (wchar_t)(-1) ) ||
                 ((glyph->outline_type == self->outline_type) &&
                  (glyph->outline_thickness == self->outline_thickness)) ))
            {
              pass = 1;
              break;
            }
        }

        if(pass)
          continue; // don't add the item

        flags = 0;
        ft_glyph_top = 0;
        ft_glyph_left = 0;
        glyph_index = FT_Get_Char_Index( face, charcodes[i] );
        // WARNING: We use texture-atlas depth to guess if user wants
        //          LCD subpixel rendering

        if( self->outline_type > 0 )
        {
            flags |= FT_LOAD_NO_BITMAP;
        }
        else
        {
            flags |= FT_LOAD_RENDER;
        }

        if( !self->hinting )
        {
            flags |= FT_LOAD_NO_HINTING | FT_LOAD_NO_AUTOHINT;
        }
        else
        {
            flags |= FT_LOAD_FORCE_AUTOHINT;
        }


        if( depth == 3 )
        {
            FT_Library_SetLcdFilter( library, FT_LCD_FILTER_LIGHT );
            flags |= FT_LOAD_TARGET_LCD;
            if( self->filtering )
            {
                FT_Library_SetLcdFilterWeights( library, self->lcd_weights );
            }
        }
        error = FT_Load_Glyph( face, glyph_index, flags );
        if( error )
        {
            fprintf( stderr, "FT_Error (line %d, code 0x%02x) : %s\n",
                     __LINE__, FT_Errors[error].code, FT_Errors[error].message );
            FT_Done_Face( face );
            FT_Done_FreeType( library );
            return wcslen(charcodes)-i;
        }


        if( self->outline_type == 0 )
        {
            slot            = face->glyph;
            ft_bitmap       = slot->bitmap;
            ft_glyph_top    = slot->bitmap_top;
            ft_glyph_left   = slot->bitmap_left;
        }
        else
        {
            FT_Stroker stroker;
            FT_BitmapGlyph ft_bitmap_glyph;
            error = FT_Stroker_New( library, &stroker );
            if( error )
            {
                fprintf(stderr, "FT_Error (0x%02x) : %s\n",
                        FT_Errors[error].code, FT_Errors[error].message);
                FT_Done_Face( face );
                FT_Stroker_Done( stroker );
                FT_Done_FreeType( library );
                return 0;
            }
            FT_Stroker_Set(stroker,
                            (int)(self->outline_thickness * HRES),
                            FT_STROKER_LINECAP_ROUND,
                            FT_STROKER_LINEJOIN_ROUND,
                            0);
            error = FT_Get_Glyph( face->glyph, &ft_glyph);
            if( error )
            {
                fprintf(stderr, "FT_Error (0x%02x) : %s\n",
                        FT_Errors[error].code, FT_Errors[error].message);
                FT_Done_Face( face );
                FT_Stroker_Done( stroker );
                FT_Done_FreeType( library );
                return 0;
            }

            if( self->outline_type == 1 )
            {
                error = FT_Glyph_Stroke( &ft_glyph, stroker, 1 );
            }
            else if ( self->outline_type == 2 )
            {
                error = FT_Glyph_StrokeBorder( &ft_glyph, stroker, 0, 1 );
            }
            else if ( self->outline_type == 3 )
            {
                error = FT_Glyph_StrokeBorder( &ft_glyph, stroker, 1, 1 );
            }
            if( error )
            {
                fprintf(stderr, "FT_Error (0x%02x) : %s\n",
                        FT_Errors[error].code, FT_Errors[error].message);
                FT_Done_Face( face );
                FT_Stroker_Done( stroker );
                FT_Done_FreeType( library );
                return 0;
            }

            if( depth == 1)
            {
                error = FT_Glyph_To_Bitmap( &ft_glyph, FT_RENDER_MODE_NORMAL, 0, 1);
                if( error )
                {
                    fprintf(stderr, "FT_Error (0x%02x) : %s\n",
                            FT_Errors[error].code, FT_Errors[error].message);
                    FT_Done_Face( face );
                    FT_Stroker_Done( stroker );
                    FT_Done_FreeType( library );
                    return 0;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                error = FT_Glyph_To_Bitmap( &ft_glyph, FT_RENDER_MODE_LCD, 0, 1);
                if( error )
                {
                    fprintf(stderr, "FT_Error (0x%02x) : %s\n",
                            FT_Errors[error].code, FT_Errors[error].message);
                    FT_Done_Face( face );
                    FT_Stroker_Done( stroker );
                    FT_Done_FreeType( library );
                    return 0;
                }
            }
            ft_bitmap_glyph = (FT_BitmapGlyph) ft_glyph;
            ft_bitmap       = ft_bitmap_glyph->bitmap;
            ft_glyph_top    = ft_bitmap_glyph->top;
            ft_glyph_left   = ft_bitmap_glyph->left;
            FT_Stroker_Done(stroker);
        }


        // We want each glyph to be separated by at least one black pixel
        // (for example for shader used in demo-subpixel.c)
        w = ft_bitmap.width/depth + 1;
        h = ft_bitmap.rows + 1;
        region = texture_atlas_get_region( self->atlas, w, h );
        if ( region.x < 0 )
        {
            missed++;
            fprintf( stderr, "Texture atlas is full (line %d)\n",  __LINE__ );
            continue;
        }
        w = w - 1;
        h = h - 1;
        x = region.x;
        y = region.y;
        texture_atlas_set_region( self->atlas, x, y, w, h,
                                  ft_bitmap.buffer, ft_bitmap.pitch );

        glyph = texture_glyph_new( );
        glyph->charcode = charcodes[i];
        glyph->width    = w;
        glyph->height   = h;
        glyph->outline_type = self->outline_type;
        glyph->outline_thickness = self->outline_thickness;
        glyph->offset_x = ft_glyph_left;
        glyph->offset_y = ft_glyph_top;
        glyph->s0       = x/(float)width;
        glyph->t0       = y/(float)height;
        glyph->s1       = (x + glyph->width)/(float)width;
        glyph->t1       = (y + glyph->height)/(float)height;

        // Discard hinting to get advance
        FT_Load_Glyph( face, glyph_index, FT_LOAD_RENDER | FT_LOAD_NO_HINTING);
        slot = face->glyph;
        glyph->advance_x = slot->advance.x / HRESf;
        glyph->advance_y = slot->advance.y / HRESf;

        vector_push_back( self->glyphs, &glyph );

        if( self->outline_type > 0 )
        {
            FT_Done_Glyph( ft_glyph );
        }
    }
    FT_Done_Face( face );
    FT_Done_FreeType( library );
    texture_atlas_upload( self->atlas );
    texture_font_generate_kerning( self );
    return missed;
}


// ------------------------------------------------- texture_font_get_glyph ---
texture_glyph_t *
texture_font_get_glyph( texture_font_t * self,
                        wchar_t charcode )
{
    size_t i;
    wchar_t buffer[2] = {0,0};
    texture_glyph_t *glyph;

    assert( self );

    assert( self );
    assert( self->filename );
    assert( self->atlas );

    /* Check if charcode has been already loaded */
    for( i=0; i<self->glyphs->size; ++i )
    {
        glyph = *(texture_glyph_t **) vector_get( self->glyphs, i );
        // If charcode is -1, we don't care about outline type or thickness
        if( (glyph->charcode == charcode) &&
            ((charcode == (wchar_t)(-1) ) ||
             ((glyph->outline_type == self->outline_type) &&
              (glyph->outline_thickness == self->outline_thickness)) ))
        {
            return glyph;
        }
    }

    /* charcode -1 is special : it is used for line drawing (overline,
     * underline, strikethrough) and background.
     */
    if( charcode == (wchar_t)(-1) )
    {
        size_t width  = self->atlas->width;
        size_t height = self->atlas->height;
        ivec4 region = texture_atlas_get_region( self->atlas, 5, 5 );
        texture_glyph_t * glyph = texture_glyph_new( );
        static unsigned char data[4*4*3] = {-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
                                            -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
                                            -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
                                            -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1};
        if ( region.x < 0 )
        {
            fprintf( stderr, "Texture atlas is full (line %d)\n",  __LINE__ );
            return NULL;
        }
        texture_atlas_set_region( self->atlas, region.x, region.y, 4, 4, data, 0 );
        glyph->charcode = (wchar_t)(-1);
        glyph->s0 = (region.x+2)/(float)width;
        glyph->t0 = (region.y+2)/(float)height;
        glyph->s1 = (region.x+3)/(float)width;
        glyph->t1 = (region.y+3)/(float)height;
        vector_push_back( self->glyphs, &glyph );
        return glyph; //*(texture_glyph_t **) vector_back( self->glyphs );
    }

    /* Glyph has not been already loaded */
    buffer[0] = charcode;
    if( texture_font_load_glyphs( self, buffer ) == 0 )
    {
        return *(texture_glyph_t **) vector_back( self->glyphs );
    }
    return NULL;
}
